Energy expenditure during an exercise training session for cardiac patients.

Martins, Rodrigo and Fernhall, Bo and Santa Clara, Helena and Pinto, Rita and Clijsen, Ron and Willi, Romina and Almeida, José P. and Mendes, Miguel and Santos, Vanessa (2017) Energy expenditure during an exercise training session for cardiac patients. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 43 (3). pp. 292-298. ISSN 1715-5312 (print); 1715-5320 (web)

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Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism Volume issue 2017 [doi 10.1139%2Fapnm-2017-0109] Santa-Clara, Helena; Melo, Xavier; Willi, Romina; Pinto, Rita; S -- Energy expenditure during an exercise t.pdf

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Abstract

Background The best way to increase physical activity in cardiac patients is unclear. Cardiac rehabilitation/secondary prevention (CR/SP) programs approaches to exercise and counseling have consistently resulted in minimal weight loss, due in part to the low exercise-related energy expenditure (EE). Purpose Describe the caloric expenditure among patients participating in a routine exercise session of Phase III maintenance CR/SP where a potential self-expanding activity was introduced in the format of a game situation. Methods Twelve overweight/obese male patients with coronary artery disease (age: 62.6 ± 8.5 yrs) were assessed during one entire session of combined aerobic [circuit workout (ACW) and game situation] and resistance training (RT). Subjects were instructed to exercise at 60-70% of heart rate reserve (HRR). Resting (REE) and total EE (TEE) were measured using indirect calorimetry (K4b2 Cosmed). Activity energy expenditure (AEE) was calculated with TEE and REE. Results Mean duration of the training session was 75.3 ± 1.5 min, of which 59.0 ± 6.0 min were spent above moderate intensity (3 METs). The average TEE corresponded to 457 ± 80 kcal (3.7 ± 0.5 METs.h-1) and AEE was 309 ± 76 kcal. Warm-up, ACW, game, RT, cool-down and transitions fulfilled 11.9 ± 2.4 %, 30.8 ± 5.3 %, 23.7 ± 4.3 %, 15.4 ± 2.2 %, and 1.9 ± 1.1 % of the TEE, respectively. Mean intensity of the fundamental part of the session was: ACW, 6.6 ± 0.4 METs, 59 ± 10 % HRR; Game, 5.8 ± 0.4 METs, 60 ± 15 % HRR; RT, 3.7 ± 0.2 METs, 46 ± 10% HRR. Significant intensity (METs) differences were observed between the RT part and the ACW and game activities. Conclusion A combined aerobic and resistance training following standard exercise prescription practices, coupled with games’ activities, is an effective tool to promote exercise above moderate intensity in CAD patients. Clinicians can adopt several concepts incorporated in game situations to develop CR/SP sessions.

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