Trigger points. Update of the clinical aspects

Testa, Marco and Barbero, Marco and Gherlone, Enrico (2003) Trigger points. Update of the clinical aspects. Europa Medicophysica, 39 (1). pp. 37-44.

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Abstract

Myofascial Trigger ­points ­often con­sti­tute an ­extre-­mely impor­tant ele­ment with­in ­the clin­i­cal syn­dromes of pain­ful con­di­tion. Nevertheless in lit­er­a­ture ­the ­term myo­fas­cial trig­ger ­point (TrP) ­and ­its relat­ed clin­i­cal fea­tures ­are ­often ­used in a gen­er­al ­non-spe­cif­ic ­way. The effec­tive treat­ment of TrPs deter­mines a sig­nif­i­cant reduc­tion of ­the ­pain as point­ed ­out by sev­er­al ­authors. Our ­review ­tries to estab­lish ­some evi­dence-­based rec­om­men­da­tions ­for ­the assess­ment of ­the clin­i­cal ­signs spe­cif­i­cal­ly relat­ed to TrP. Several ­authors ­point ­out ­the effi­ca­cy of dif­fer­ent ther­a­peu­tic approach­es in reduc­ing ­pain ­and improv­ing func­tion­al lim­i­ta­tions. To be effec­tive, ­such prac­tic­es ­require a ­high lev­el of spe­cif­ic train­ing ­for iden­ti­fy­ing TrPs. Our ­review ­was con­duct­ed on Medline, Embase ­and Pedro data­base with­out ­time restric­tion ­using ­the fol­low­ing key­words: myo­fas­cial trig­ger ­point, trig­ger ­point, phys­i­cal exam­ina­tion, inter­rat­er reli­abil­ity. Despite of ­high num­ber of ­papers ­retrieved, ­only a ­few arti­cles ­were ­focused on ­the assess­ment top­ic. Nevertheless ­some ­signs ­could be con­sid­ered as use­ful ­basic ­tool with­in ­the diag­nos­tic pro­cess of ­the man­age­ment of myo­fas­cial ­pain syn­dromes (­MPS) asso­ciat­ed ­with TrPs.

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