Galetti, Valeria and Kujinga, Prosper and Mitchikpe, Comlan Evariste S. and Zeder, Christophe and Tay, Fabian and Tossou, Felicien and Hounhouigan, Joseph D. and Zimmermann, Michael Bruce and Moretti, Diego (2015) Efficacy of highly bioavailable zinc from fortified water: a randomized controlled trial in rural Beninese children. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION, 102 (5). pp. 1238-1248.
Full text not available from this repository.Abstract
Background: Zinc deficiency and contaminated water are major contributors to diarrhea in developing countries. Food fortification with zinc has not shown clear benefits, possibly because of low zinc absorption from inhibitory food matrices. We used a novel point-of-use water ultrafiltration device configured with glass zinc plates to produce zinc-fortified, potable water. Objective: The objective was to determine zinc bioavailability from filtered water and the efficacy of zinc-fortified water in improving zinc status. Design: In a crossover balanced study, we measured fractional zinc absorption (FAZ) from the zinc-fortified water in 18 healthy Swiss adults using zinc stable isotopes and compared it with zinc-fortified maize porridge. We conducted a 20-wk double-blind randomized controlled trial (RCT) in 277 Beninese school children from rural settings who were randomly assigned to receive a daily portion of zinc-fortified filtered water delivering 2.8 mg Zn (Zn+filter), nonfortified filtered water (Filter), or nonfortified nonfiltered water (Pump) from the local improved supply, acting as the control group. The main outcome was plasma zinc concentration (PZn), and the 3 groups were compared by using mixed-effects models. Secondary outcomes were prevalence of zinc deficiency, diarrhea prevalence, and growth. Results: Geometric mean (-SD, +SD) FAZ was 7-fold higher from fortified water (65.9%; 42.2, 102.4) than from fortified maize (9.1%; 6.0, 13.7; P < 0.001). In the RCT, a significant time-by-treatment effect on PZn (P = 0.026) and on zinc deficiency (P = 0.032) was found; PZn in the Zn+filter group was significantly higher than in the Filter (P = 0.006) and Pump (P = 0.025) groups. We detected no effect on diarrhea or growth, but our study did not have the duration and power to detect such effects. Conclusions: Consumption of filtered water fortified with a low dose of highly bioavailable zinc is an effective intervention in children from rural African settings. Large community-based trials are needed to assess the effectiveness of zinc-fortified filtered water on diarrhea and growth.
| Item Type: | Scientific journal article, Newspaper article or Magazine article |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | Subjects Allied to Medicine > Nutrition > Dietetics Subjects Allied to Medicine > Nutrition > Nutrition not elsewhere classified |
| Department/unit: | Fernfachhochschule Schweiz |
| Depositing User: | Diego Moretti |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Sep 2019 05:04 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Sep 2019 05:04 |
| URI: | http://repository.supsi.ch/id/eprint/10807 |
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